smart irrigation

 INTRODUCTION:

                 

                      In traditional irrigation systems, water application is often based on predefined schedules or manual assessments, leading to inefficiencies and water wastage. IoT-based smart irrigation revolutionizes this process by incorporating a network of interconnected devices and sensors that collect, transmit, and analyze real-time data, enabling intelligent decision-making for optimal water usage.

UNDERSTANDING THE NEED:

                           The adoption of IoT-based smart irrigation is driven by various compelling needs and challenges in the realm of agriculture and water management. Here are several reasons highlighting the need for implementing IoT-based smart irrigation systems:

Water Scarcity and Conservation:

Limited Water Resources: Many regions around the world face water scarcity and limitations in water availability for agriculture. Smart irrigation helps optimize water usage, ensuring that every drop is used efficiently.

Increased Agricultural Productivity:

Precision Agriculture: IoT-based smart irrigation allows for precise control over water delivery, ensuring that crops receive the right amount of water at the right time. This precision enhances crop yield and quality.

Resource Efficiency:

Energy Conservation: Smart irrigation systems optimize the use of energy in water pumping and distribution, leading to energy savings and reduced operational costs.

Environmental Sustainability:

Reduced Environmental Impact: Efficient water use minimizes the environmental impact of agriculture, preventing issues such as soil erosion and nutrient runoff that can be exacerbated by over-irrigation.

Climate Variability:

Adaptation to Changing Conditions: With climate change leading to unpredictable weather patterns, smart irrigation systems equipped with sensors can adapt to changing conditions in real-time, ensuring that irrigation practices are aligned with the current environment.

Cost Savings:

Labor and Operational Costs: Automation and remote monitoring capabilities of IoT-based systems reduce the need for manual labor, leading to cost savings for farmers and landowners.

Data-Driven Decision Making:

Optimized Irrigation Strategies: The wealth of data collected by IoT sensors allows farmers to make informed decisions about irrigation scheduling, leading to continuous improvement and optimization of irrigation practices.

Remote Monitoring and Management:

Flexibility and Convenience: IoT-based smart irrigation systems can be monitored and managed remotely through mobile applications or web interfaces. This provides farmers with greater flexibility and convenience in managing their irrigation operations.

Government Regulations and Incentives:

Compliance and Support: In some regions, there are regulations and incentives promoting water conservation and sustainable agricultural practices. Implementing smart irrigation systems can help farmers meet these requirements and qualify for support programs.

Precision Watering for Different Crops:

Crop-Specific Needs: Different crops have varying water requirements at different growth stages. IoT-based systems can adapt irrigation schedules and amounts based on the specific needs of each crop, promoting optimal growth.

Long-Term Sustainability:

Preserving Water Resources: As the global population grows and water resources become scarcer, adopting sustainable irrigation practices becomes crucial for the long-term viability of agriculture.

COMPONENT REQUIRED:

1.ESP32-module

2.Soil moisture sensor

3.Temperature and humidity sensor

4.PIR sensor

5.Relay module 

6.Water pump 

7.Battery

BLOCK DIAGRAM: 

CIRCUIT DAIGRAM:

WORKING :

Blynk App Setup:

Create a Blynk account and set up a new project. Obtain an authentication token that will be used to link the ESP32 to the Blynk app.

ESP32 and Blynk Integration:

Use the Blynk library to integrate Blynk with the Arduino IDE and the ESP32. Include the authentication token in your ESP32 code.

Sensor Data Acquisition:

The ESP32 regularly reads data from soil moisture sensors to determine the current soil moisture level.

Blynk App Visualization:

Display real-time soil moisture data on the Blynk app. You can use widgets like Value Display or Graph to visualize the information.

User Interface on Blynk App:

Create buttons or sliders on the Blynk app to allow users to set irrigation parameters, such as watering duration or frequency.

Data Processing and Decision-Making:

The ESP32 processes the sensor data and uses pre-defined logic or user-defined settings to decide whether to initiate irrigation.

Watering Control:

If irrigation is needed, the ESP32 controls the water pump and valves to deliver the appropriate amount of water to the plants.

Blynk App Remote Control:

Users can remotely monitor the soil moisture levels and control the irrigation system through the Blynk app. They can manually start or stop watering or adjust irrigation parameters.

Alerts and Notifications:

Set up Blynk app notifications to alert users when specific conditions are met, such as low soil moisture levels or system malfunctions.

Cloud-Based Logging:

Blynk provides a cloud platform where historical data can be logged. This data can be analyzed over time to optimize irrigation schedules.

Power Management:

Implement power management strategies on the ESP32 to optimize energy consumption, especially in battery-powered setups.

By using the Blynk app in conjunction with the ESP32, you create a user-friendly interface that enhances the accessibility and control of the smart irrigation system. Users can monitor, control, and receive alerts about their irrigation system from anywhere with an internet connection.

FLOWCHART:

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: start

Step 2: Initialize the system

Step 3: Read the PIR, moisture sensor from soil and tank

step 4: Receive the observed data 

Step 5: analyze the data

Step 6: if motion detected, buzzer get activated, if no re-read the PIR sensor.

             If the soil is dry, it start the irrigation process, or else re-read the moisture in the soil.

             If the tank level below the below the threshold , motor will turn on , if no re-measure   

              the tank level .

Step 6 : stop

CONCLUSION:

                       In conclusion, implementing an IoT-based smart irrigation system using the ESP32 module offers a range of benefits for efficient water management in agriculture and landscaping. The integration of the ESP32 with IoT technologies provides a versatile and cost-effective solution for optimizing irrigation processes.